Insulating pipe-casing.



0. C. WOOLSON.

iNSULATlNG PlPE CASING.

APPLICATION FILED CD127, 191s.

1,25%,629. Patented Feb.19, 1918.

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a. c. WOOLSON. INSULATING PIPE CASING.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 27, i916. 1,2563%. Patented Feb. 19,1918.

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0. C. WOOLSON.

INSULATNG PIPE CASING.

APPLICATLON FILED OCT-27. 1916- 1,256,6QQ. Patented Feb. 19, 1918.

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@402? [mean 07": M """M OROSCO C. WOOLSON, OE NEWARK, NE'iV JERSEY.

INSULATING PIPE-CASING.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 19, 1918.

Application filed October 27, 1916. Serial No. 128,021.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Unosco C. YVooLsoN, a citizen of the United States, residing in Newark, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Insulating Pipe-Casings, of which the following is a specification.

T he main object of my invention is primarily to provide an insulating covering or jacket, more particularly designed and adapted for use in insulating pipes of all devices, subjected to great interior or exterior heat, in such manner as to prevent in a large measure the deterioration of such piping through oxidization, and also in the case of water-inlet or blow-oft" pipes of boilers, and digesters, etc., to prevent the formation of scale therein.

lVhile not limited to such use, my invention is particularly designed and adapted for use in covering pipes of metal, cast iron, steel, etc., located within heating furnaces, such as those of boilers, etc.

lVhile my improved form of insulating pipe covering may be made of various materials it is of necessity of refractory substance, suitable to the particular form of piping to be inclosed thereby, and to the particular condition under which it is to be used; and such covering as shown in the embodiment of my invention as practically applied herein, is made of a plurality of longitudinally separable insulating, coveringunits, preferably cylindrical in cross-section, which as shown are formed of hardbaked, refractory, fire-proof clay; having at intervals insulating air-pockets, in which the air inclosed will be trapped so that the circulation of the air in the pockets, will be confined to each individual pocket.

To such ends my invention consists in substance, as shown in the drawing herein, of a plurality of pipe covering sections, of such interior contour as to be superposed and cemented in place upon the pipes to be protected.

My said invention is fully shown, described and claimed in the following specification of which the accompanying drawings form av part, wherein similar letters or nusection shown in Fig.

merals of reference designate like or equivalent parts wherever found throughout the several views and in which 2- Figure 1, designates a side-view of the blow-off pipe of a steam boiler, with my improved insulating pipe-covering in process of being placed in position thereon.

Fig. 1 designates a side-view of the particular form of my improved pipe-casing, used for covering a section of pipe, bent upon a curve of comparatively large radius.

- Fig. 2 is a view of one-half of a complete right angled bend easing, differing from Fig. 1 in that its central axial line is struck upon a curve of smaller radius than the structure of Fig. 1 and so constructed that the two halves are interchangeable, composed of only two split sections, forming a right angled casing for a pipe.

Fig. 3 is a front view of the segment or 2, looking toward the right thereof in the direction of the arrow.

Fig. 4 is a top-plan interior view of the particular form of end-boss or crown-collar used at the ends of the pipe casing under certain conditions; and Fig. 4 is a central view on the line of the split of one of the two halves together forming such crown-collar. shown complete in Fig. l.

Figs. 5, 6 and 7 are various views in detail of a two-part bottom clamping-collar, usually of cast-iron.

Fig. 8, is a side exterior view of the crowncollar shown in Fig. 4:.

Fig. 9 is a side view of one-half of a section of my improved form of pipe covering, adapted for use in covering straight pipe. particularly designed for use as a fil n piece and susceptible of being made still shorter by being cut off to any length.

Fig. 10 is an end view thereof, looking toward tie right of Fig. 9; and Fig. 11 is a view of the other end looking from the right.

Fig. 12 is a view similar to Fig. 9 of one half of a section substantially similar to that shown in Figs. 9 to 1]., except that it is unprovided with centering stud-seats.

Fig. 13 is a view in detail of the structure shown in Fig. 9, taken in central ver' tical section on the line lit-13 thereof,

one of which dogs is shown in position in Fig. 10.

Fig. 15 is a side view of one-half of a section for covering an ordinary right angled elbow-coupling; and Fig. 16 is a view of the structure shown in Fig. 15, looking from the right toward the'left thereof; a metallic securing-stud or pin, used to more fully secure the two halves of such elbow-coupling covering together, being shown in position therein. 7

Figslr' and 18 are central face views, and end views respectively, of a half section of my improved insulating pipe-casing for covering a pipe of a slightly different curvature from those before shown, but substantially in design identical with a section of Fig. 1

Referring to the drawings Of whatsoever form made, my improved insulating pipe-covering is usually and preferably made of hard baked clay, in the form of straght or curved cylindrical hollow units, each formed of two longitudinally slitted halves 1, so as to form a cy= lindrical covering for the pipe to be protected thereby; 'so cemented, and otherwise secured together upon the pipe that the furnace flame'and gases are kept from'contactingwith the piping itself, so as to oXidize and deteriorate the same; and also, in the case of blow-off-pipes, (as shown in Fig. 1), or feed-pipes where-the water is hard, to lessen the heat transmitted thereto, and the consequent formation of scale therein; and to assist in such insulation, each unit is provided with a central inclosed air-pocket within such cas'ng, throughout the extent of which the inclosed metallic pipe will be completely out of contact with such casing, except at the ends andsavein some instances through the intervention of central centering stud seat I2, gs. '9 land 13,) formed-integral with the casing, and the air 'will be free to circulate only within each individual pocket.

Where the pipe connect with the boiler, the same usually jscrews into asteel flange riveted to the boiler shell, to cover which .I provide a split crown-collar composed of two-sections 3, (Figs. 4, 4F and 8) having the annular interior radial-chipping seats or slots-4, to provide ready means of fitting it- .in place; but I have not deemed it essential to show such flange. To facilitate handlingsuch crown-collar sections 73,. while placing them in position, the same are prefasbestos, concrete or other suitable cement,

as soon as it has set, the crown-colla 3, will be firmly held in position.

Each of the two halves of the various sections are preferably provided with securing perforations 10, usually located in studs or bosses 11, of the casing body, which perforations extend a short distance only into such body or studs, and are adapted to receive metallic securing pins or bolts 12,

usually formed of originally rectangular rods twisted so as to maintain a better hold upon the cementing material, with which the sockets 10 are filled; all as clearly indicated in Figs. 1?, 2, 3 and 16; or any other desired form of securing pin or bolt so shaped as to firmly take hold of the cementing-material, may be used in twisted form, with equal effect. a

Each of the various section halves, where greater security against accidental displace ment is deemed necessary, is provided at either end with securing-dog orifices or sockets 13, from which, to the abutting longitudinal edge of the section half, extend the dog-slots 14', and as the sections are placed upon the piping one by one the metallc dogs having the teeth 15 formed integral with the central body portion 16, rounded at the bottom 17, and flat at the top 18, are forced into position in the slots 17, previously filled with cement with the teeth 15, of one end in one sectfon, and the teeth 15 of the other end in the like securing end socket 13 of the other section-half; such dogs have their upper flat surfaces 18, not extending above the slot, as clearly indicated in Fig. 11, but abutting, with a slight space between, against thelike dogs in the next adjacentsection; all as clearly indicated at 15) of Fig. l and usuallyand preferably thesections are provided at one place of such end (usually that which when the caslng .end, .into that portion of which lying between the ends of the securing dog 16,

(Fig. 10) the projecting flange 20 on the gottom end of the next adjacent section will The end-lugs or teeth 15 of the dog 16 are usually and preferably square-faced at the outer side faces 15', in order to facilitate withdrawal from the cementing material. when it is found necessary to disassemble the pipe-casing, with which the sockets 13 and the grooves 14, are filled, when the dogs are placed in position.

As will be seen by an examination of F'gs. 1, 2, 9, 12, 15 and 17, the interior diameter of the casing sections at the end as indicated at 21, is such as to fit loosely upon the pipe to be covered thereby, the fire cement used in the joints practically closing in between the pipe and easing; while the central portion of the casing sections are of greater diameter to form the cavities or air-pockets 22, which thus entrap and confine the air in each of such individual pockets; when all the joints have been filled with cement as hereinbefore described; so as to prevent air circulation save within each of such individual pockets. But in some cases the cement between the pockets may be omitted and the air be allowed to circulate freely throughout the entire casing, and even be in free communication with the atmosphere at both upper and lower ends of the pipe casing.

The top-section shown in Figs. 9, 10 and 11, is gmerally comparatively short and is so made as to enable it to be cut off still shorter if desired for a filling in section of any location, and is preferably provided with centering seats or studs 2, to permit of such cutting.

In placing my improved pipe insulating casing in position upon pipes whether straight or curved. the process is essentially the same, and in Fig. 1, I have shown my improved form of pipe casing of the simplest straight cylindrical form, as applied to the upright vertical portion of a blow-oif-pipe B, applied to a boiler A, such casing as here shown consisting of five straight cylindrical sections of substantially the form shown in. detail in Fig. 12, an upper crown collar 3, and a lower supporting and binding clamping metallic collar 23, of the form shown in Figs. 5, 6 and 7, firmly secured to the upright or vertical portion of the pipe B below the combustion chamber fioor 24-, so as to be out of contact with the heated furnace gases, by bolts 25 passing through the holes 26 therein.

Such supporting cast-iron clamp-collar or support 23, is preferably of the shape shown; each half having a central centering seat 27, formed by two lugs each having its pipe contacting face formed to the segment of a circle of about the diameter of the pipe to be inclosed so as to grip the same firmly, and each half being provided at the split with one-half of a like lug in such manner, that when bolted upon the pipe the same will be firmly clamped thereto from four quadrilaterally radial points. Such clamp-collar is also preferably provided, on its upper face on each half, with a corrugated segmental tongue or rib 30, adapted to fit into the grooves 8, of the immediately abutting pipecasing member, located between the recesses formed for receiving the securing teeth of the securing-clogs 16.

In assembling my improved pipe covering upon straight pipe, whether of the vertical form shown in Fig. 1 or of the horizontal form, or upon pipes adapted to receive casings of the curved form shown in Figs. 1 2, 3, 15, 16, 17 and 18. the procedure is substantially the same. The bottom clamping-collar or support 23, is first bolted in position upon the pipe B, usually, but not necessarily, slightly below the combustion chamber floor 24, and in structures like that shown in Fig. 1, may in some cases rest upon the pipe elbow, by which the vertical pipe is connected to the horizontal blow-oft pipe. This connection and position is only temporary, and for the purpose of fitting a suficient space is left between such clamping support and the surface of the boiler to permit of placing in position, the various halved sections forming the full complete structure of my improved form of casing. Ihe upper curved face of such support 23, is then filled with asbestos or other suitable fireproof cement, and the first section of my improved pipe casing, indicated by the reference numeral 32, in Fig. 1, is placed in position and forced down into the cement, and the two halves of such section are then temporarily joined together by wrapping with suitable wire in any desired manner to keep them firmly in place and position, while the succeeding sections are superposed one upon the other above the same.

After the required number of sections to completely cover the pipe are in position, after the upper and last section shown in said Fig. 1 in process of being placed in position. is in place, the two segmental tootheddogs (Figs. 10 and 14) are placed in position therein; and if the situation and heat is such that there is a liability of warping or disarrangement of the casing, such dogs are used in all the joints, of the several intermediate sections, but under ordinary conditions of comparatively low heats, it is only necessary to use the same on the joint of the top section. The upper section covering the ordinary cylindrical piping having been wired in place. the crown-collar 3 (shown in detail in Figs. 4, 4 and 8) has its two halves placed in position by first filling the recesses on top of the same with like suitable cement,

withwhich the'other'sections have been supplied, after which the two halves are slipped in place in such manner'as to let the studs or tongues 6 pass through the slots 7 (Figs. 10 and 12) into -the'curved segmental annular space 8 (Fig. 10), and after such section 8 is in place, the two halves together upon being rotated in either direction to the right or left, will be fixed in position upon the top section of the casing by what may be properly called a bayonet-joint. and the same may also bejoined by stud-bolts 12. And when for purposes of repair to the pipe it is necessary toremove the collar 3, the same is reversely rotated until the studs or tongues Gare in-registry with the slots 7, and to then witha proper tool pry the two'halves apart; after which'the lower se'ctions of the casing may bepried apart and removed in like manner, and again placed in position after the proper repairs are made.

To finally fiX an-entirepipe casing so con structed in proper final position, when the crown collar 3, has been placed in position, the bolts of the'clamp-collar 23 are slightly loosened, and the entire pipe-casing, including'the clamp-collar 23,is forced upward, by use of a pry or other suitable means, or by the hands until such crown-collar 3 is forced firmly up against theboiler A, and the bolts of '23 being then fully tightened so as to hold the entire structure firmly in position, the cement is'allowedto-dry. And it'is preferable that as soon as in position, all the joints "and crevices of the entire structure should be'poi'nted with the same cement that has been used in securing the various sections together so as to fill up such crevices and joints. The binding wires are left in position and in the-course oftiine are burned off, and are only used for convenience in preventing "accident to the completed pipeca'sin'g, until such time as thecementing material has fully setand dried.

In 'coveringtcurved pipes of long curvature,of the form shown in Fig. 1 where a plurality of curved f sections are superposed one upon the other to form the casing, the manner of assembling with respect to straight pipe casing sections, is the same;

"save only that "while in most cases in the straight pipe form it is not abso'lu-tely essential "to use the dogs l6 14) 'in'each and ever joint, by "reason of the fact that the curved pipe covering is considerably more "susceptible to accidental displacement and warping under 'theh'eat of the furnace, in such eases I prefer to use such dogs .16 at each and every joint as clearly shown in Fig. 1

In all the sections I prefer to hav 'e'at the junctures'slo'tsq'or'q', whetherthey are the upper sections "or intermediate sections, and

and in case of all the other sections, when it is desired to disassemble and take off the casing for purposes of repair to the pipe etc., by the insertion of a screw driver or other suitable tool the section and the halves of the same can be easily pried apart and'removed.

In the case of sections of the form shown in Figs. 1 2 and 3, the parts are so constructed that by merely reversing the same, each half may be used upon either sidevof a pipe, that is either as a left-hand or a righthand section.

For greater security and rigidity of construction, it is preferable in building up a casing of my improved form that the longituclinal joints in such casing,'whether the same bestraight or curved, should-beialternately staggered, at say about 90 degrees, as clearly indicated in Fig. 1; and when so staggered the end flanges, and receivingsockets are modified in form,so as to co-act and permit of proper jointure being made between the ends of the sections withthe longitudinal joints so staggered, but I have not deemed it essential to show such modification of the end jointures in the drawing.

In any or all of the various embodiments of my invention'exterior studs 32, (Fig. i may be provided to facilitate the handling of same while beingplaced in position; and when'the pipe and'casing are formed upon a curve of considerable radius, as shown in such Fig. 1 the segments will almost automatically adjust themselves into proper position on the pipe, whether supported upon a lower section of straight and uncurved, or bent form or directly upon the cast-iron supporting collet or collar 23. I

It is evident that many changes and modifications in the construction of the various parts of my improvedinsulating pipe-casing, shown herein, may be madewithout depart ing from the I scope of my invention, and I do not intend to limit myself to any of the exact forms of construction, or manner of placing thesame in position, herein shown and descr bed.

1.'-An insulating pipe-casing formed of refractory insulatingmaterial, hav ng a cenrounding'such pipes: such casing being built up of :a plurality of" individual sections dividedinto two halvesby: a longitudinal splitjoint; and having inwardly projecting centering lugs on an intermediate part of the inner face.

2. In combination, with a pipe, an insulating cover section thereon; and a collar clamped on said pipe and holding said section gainst displacement longitudinally of the pipe.

3. In combination, with a pipe, an insulating cover section thereon; a collar clamped on said pipe and holding said section against displacement longitudinally of the pipe; and means for protecting said collar from the action of heat.

4. In combination, with a pipe, a plurality of cover sections, on said pipe, and tending by gravity to move longitudinally of the pipe; and a collar firmly secured against displacement on said pipe and holding said sections against displacement.

5. In combination, with a vertical pipe,

an insulating covering therefor formed of a.

plurality of longitudinally split sections inclosing the pipe; and a split collar beneath said sections comprising halves disposed upon the collar and bolts firmly clamping said halves upon the pipe and holding the collar against longitudinal displacement on the pipe, whereby the collar is adapted to support said sections.

6. In insulating pipe-casing formed of a plurality of superposed sections each composed of two halves adapted to be disposed upon the pipe; a top section having at its upper end an annular groove with a side slot; and a two part crown collar having on each of the halves at the lower edge a securing end-lug adapted to throw said side slot into the end groove at a part remote from said slot.

7. An insulating pipe-casing formed of refractory insulating material, having a central cavity cylindrical in cross-section superposed upon the pipe so as to leave an air space between such casing and the pipe; the casing being built up of a plurality of inclividual sections divided into two halves by a longitudinal split-joint; each of such section halves having co-acting flanges and sockets at the ends. and metallic double toothed segmental-bodied securing-dogs located in the end sockets for securing the halves of the sections together.

8. An insulating pipe-casing, formed of refractory insulating material, having a central cavity cylindrical in cross-section superposed upon the pipe so as to leave an air space between such casing and the pipe; the casing being built up of a plurality of individual sections divided into two halves by a longitudinal split-joint; each of such section halves having co-acting flanges and sockets at the ends, and double toothed segmental-bodied securing-clogs located in the end sockets for securing the halves of the sections together, the dogs and flanges being embedded in cementing material when in position.

9. An insulating pipe-casing. formed of refractory insulating material, having a central cavity cylindrical in cross-section superposed upon the pipe so as to leave an air space between such casing and the pipe; the casing being built up of a plurality of individual sections divided into two halves by a longitudinal split-joint; each of such section halves having co-acting flanges and sockets at the ends, metallic double toothed segmental-bodied securing-dogs located in the end sockets for securing the halves of the sections together, and securing bolts embedded at the ends in cementing-material, located in sockets at the ends adjacent to the abutting faces of the longitudinal splitjoints.

10. An insulating pipe-casing, formed of refractory insulating material, having a central cavity cylindrical in cross-section superposed upon the pipe so as to leave an air space between such casing and the pipe; the casing being built up of a pluralitv of individual sections divided into two halves by a longitudinal split-joint; each of such section halves having coactiug flanges and sockets at the ends, and double toothed segmental-bodied securing-dogs located in the end sockets for securing the halves of the sections together, the dogs and flanges being embedded in cementing material when in position, and securing bolts embedded at the ends in cementing material located in sockets in the abutting faces of the longitudinal split-joints.

11. An insulating pipe-casing formed of refractory insulating material, having a central cavity cylindrical in cross-section, adapted to be secured upon and cemented to the pipe in such manner as to leave a plurality of inclosing unconnected air-trapping pockets surrounding the pipe; such casing being built up of a plurality of individual sections divided into two halves by longitudinal split-joints; and double-toothed securing-dogs the teeth of which are of noncircular contour for securing each section half to its adjacent half, bridging the longitudinal split-joints at the ends of each section, the two halves of each section being provided at the ends adjacent to the split with securing-sockets adapted to receive the securing-teeth of the securing dogs.

12. An insulating pipe-casing formed of refractory insulating material, having a central avity cylindrical in cross-section, adapted to be secured upon and cemented to the pipe in such manner as to leave a plurality of inclosing unconnected air-trapping pockets surrounding the pipe; such casingbeing built up of a plurality of individual sections divided into two halves bylongitudinal splitjoints; the two halves of each section being provided at the ends adjacent to the split with securing-sockets; and: securing nieans removable therefrom and separate and distinct from the insulating material 10- ca ted in each ofthe securing-socketsto secure the two halves together at their junction; 7 V

13. Ari-insulating pipe-casingiforined of refractory. insulating material; havinga central cavity cylindrical in cross-section adaptedito besecured upon and ce'mentedto the pipe in such manner as to leave a plurality of inclosing unconnected air-trapping pocketssurrounding the pipe; such casing being built up of a'plurality of individual section divided into two halves by longitudinal split-joints; double-toothed securingdogs the teeth of which are of non-circular contour for securing each section half to its adjacent half, bridging the longitudinal split-joints at the ends of each section; the two'halves of each section being proi ided at the ends adjacent to the split with securing-sockets adapted to receive the securingteeth of the securing dogs, and securing bolts embedded at the ends in cementing-material located in sockets at the ends adjacent to the abutting faces of the lOngitudintrlsplitjoints.

1%. An insulating pipe covering formed of refractory hard-baked insulating material, formed of a plurality of longitudinally split sections, adapted to be placed in position so asto cover and inclose a pipe; and a supporting split metallic bottom-collar, the halves/0f which are adapted to be bolted together upon the pipe so as tobe supported by the pipe and in turn support the insulating sections thereon;

15. An insulating pipe-casing formed of 7 section when partial] yrotated.

16; Aninsulating pipe-casing of curvilinear'torim composed'ot refractory insulating material; the halved sections ofwhich are interchangeable, so as to be adapted to be superposed upon a curved pipe either as a rightor' left hand section.

17. An insulating pipe-casing of curvilinear form, composed'otrefractory insulating material, the section halves of which are longitudinally split and are interchangeableso as to be adapted'to be superposedupon a curved pipe either as a right or left hand section.

18. An insulating pipe-casing of split curvilinear form, composed ot'ret'ractory insulating'inateria'l'; the'sections of which are interchangeable so as to be adapted to be superposed upon acurved pipe either as right or left handsections; a single stud or bolt-socket adapted to receive asecuring stud orbolt in each half section upon the inner side; and a plurality otlike securing stud-bolt sockets located in each of such halves upon the outer side of the periphery.

OROSCO CQ WOOLS'ON.

v'Vitnesses:

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